How Do Electric Cars Work? Main Components Of Electric Car

In today's time, due to the rising prices of petrol and CNG, everyone is looking at electric cars as an alternative. The popularity of electric vehicles is increasing day by day, so let's know how electric vehicles can transport you from one place to another. As the manufacturing cost of electric cars falls and charging infrastructure improves, electric vehicles (EVs) are the first to avoid or reduce the environmental impact of skyrocketing petrol, diesel and gas prices. Choice is becoming. But how do electric cars actually work? Let's know!

Electric vehicles (EVs) are a growing industry. The global number of electric vehicles on the road is estimated to increase from 8 million in 2019 to 50 million by 2025 and close to 140 million by 2030. Many major automotive manufacturers are adapting to selling EVs.

In appearance, electric vehicles are similar to diesel and petrol cars. Some models also have a non-functional fake grill. But the real difference between EVs and petrol-diesel cars is under the hood.

Electric vehicle parts

Electric vehicles have no engine, radiator, carburetor or spark plug. Where an engine is common, some electric vehicles have a front trunk. Electric vehicles EVs may work differently from conventional vehicles, but they have a similar set of systems.

# Motor

# Fuel source

Electric Vehicle Exhaust System (EV Exhaust System)

Often people or new drivers are curious about how much vibration or noise an electric vehicle makes. This can be inferred from the fact that when the electric vehicle is stopped at an intersection, only the lights on the control panel let the drivers know that it is still running. With zero tailpipe emissions, electric vehicles help mitigate one of the major causes of climate change.

EV Batteries

EV batteries store energy that helps drive the vehicle. The battery is actually a pack of many small lithium-ion battery modules, which are themselves made up of individual battery cells (about the size of AAA batteries). These batteries are connected together in electrical circuits to provide maximum power in the most efficient manner.

Battery is one of the most expensive parts of electronic vehicles, so battery technology is being worked on very rapidly, so that the cost of the most expensive part of electric vehicles can be reduced and the energy density of the battery is also being increased.

One danger of lithium-ion batteries is “thermal runaway,” which can cause a fire. To prevent this, the battery pack is cooled with a thermal management system and a protective casing.

The Motor

A motor in an electric vehicle converts electricity into mechanical energy. When electricity is sent from the battery to a stationary part of the motor (stator), it creates a magnetic field that rotates the rotating part (rotor).

Spinning Rotor creates mechanical energy that turns the wheels of the car using a gear. The more power, the faster the rotor spins, and since electric vehicles don't shift between gears, the transitions between acceleration and deceleration are smooth.

While a petrol or gas-powered car may have only one combustion engine, an electric vehicle may have multiple motors, which operate independently. In a dual-motor vehicle, one motor is for city driving and the other motor (often called an induction motor) is for high-speed driving.

How to drive an electric vehicle

The difference between electric and gas-powered cars affects the way they are driven, fueled and maintained.

Acceleration

Electric vehicles are known for their quick-off-the-blocks acceleration and instant forward propulsion.

Torque is the force that produces rotation in a car motor. Since gasoline or petrol engines start at low rpm and advance through gear shifts, it takes a while to reach maximum torque.

Whereas in an electric vehicle, maximum torque is reached immediately upon pressing the accelerator. Some electric vehicles have the highest 0-60 acceleration, which is especially useful for entering highways, passing slow-moving vehicles, and avoiding accidents.

Braking

When a driver applies the brakes in an electric vehicle, “regenerative braking” draws energy from the vehicle's momentum. This power is sent back to the battery, so no energy is wasted.

Driving in regenerative braking mode means that every time you take your foot off the accelerator, the vehicle slows down more quickly than a petrol or gas car. Regenerative braking allows for “one-pedal driving”, where the brake pedal is used sparingly.

Handling

An EV has a lower center of gravity than gas cars, with most of the large, heavy batteries at the base of EVs. This improves its handling around corners and in slippery road conditions. This makes rollovers less frequent, improving the safety of the car.

Fueling

Even the fastest charging electric vehicles take longer than it takes to fill a tank of gasoline or gas. However, 80 percent of EV charging is done overnight at home, just like how we charge a phone, so charging speed is critical for long-distance trips and for those who can't charge at home. is much more relevant.

Electric Vehicle Repair

Electric vehicles are more like a computer on wheels than a mechanical device. Like digital device manufacturers, some EV manufacturers send over-the-air software updates to improve the efficiency of their vehicles or add new features. This not only extends the life of the vehicle but also reduces its operating costs.

Even when drivers aren't trying, electric vehicles are getting better and more efficient. This means that electric cars can increase in value over time and improve their sustainability.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. How many types of electric vehicles are there?

There are generally four categories of EVs:

1. Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs), which are completely electric;

2. Hybrid (HEV), plugless cars equipped with batteries and fuel tanks;

3. Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), the middle point between hybrid and electric vehicles;

and hydrogen electric vehicles (fuel cells), unusual vehicles that run on hydrogen.

2. Where can you charge an electric car?

Electric cars can be charged at home (even using only a standard 120-volt outlet) or at public charging stations.

3. How often do electric cars need to be charged?

Most electric vehicles can go 250 to 350 miles on a single charge, and must be continuously charged from 20 percent to 80 percent. While many people charge their cars at night, this is too often, according to some experts, who say that charging too often can shorten battery life.

4. How long do electric cars last?

Electric cars are so new to the mainstream that it's hard to say how long they'll last. Generally, they are meant to last for 10 to 20 years.

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